Company
In 1972, five former IBM employees founded the company they call SAP Systemanalyse und Programmentwicklung ("System Analysis and Program Development").Taking the initial form of a private partnership under the German Civil Code, the company establishes its headquarters in Weinheim, Germany, and opens an office in nearby Mannheim. However, SAP's five founders spend most of their time in the data centers of their first customers, which include the German branch of Imperial Chemical Industries in Östringen.
Further information can be found on the SAP History page.
"SAP" stands for Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing.
We bring out the best in every business.
That's SAP's vision.
To turn this vision into reality for our customers, we have set ourselves the following three goals as mission:
Agility at scale
Confidently navigate dynamic markets with purpose-built innovations designed for quick implementation, swift scaling, and rapid response
Achieve more across the value chain
Tap into the trusted and scalable business ecosystem, harnessing the intelligence across your internal systems and external partnerships to optimize performance across your value chain.
Sustainability at your core
Transform your operations with next-generation solutions that drive more accurate and actionable sustainability management across your entire enterprise.
The outlook and mid-term ambition can be found in the Quarterly Statement on our Recent Results page.
Organic growth remains the primary driver of our strategy. We will continue to invest in our own product development and technology innovation, improving the speed, number of projects, and innovations brought to market. We will also continue to acquire targeted, strategic, and “fill-in” technology and software to add to our broad solution offerings and improve coverage in key strategic markets. By doing so, we will strive to best support our customers’ needs for simplified operations. Additional information and details about acquisitions in the past can be found on the Acquisitions page.
Find more information about the SAP Executive Board here.
The change of legal form from a stock corporation under German law to a European Company was made to manifest SAP’s self-image as an international player with European roots. Presenting itself as a European Company thus reflects the importance of the Company’s European and international operations.
Our employee headcount is updated regularly in the Quarterly Statement.
SAP offers its employees and managers various investment programs. A comprehensive overview about all employee related topics can be found in the SAP Integrated Report.
Reporting
Since 2008, SAP prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) endorsed by the European Union (EU). In addition to providing the disclosures required under IFRS, the notes to our statements contain a great deal of additional detail, which we provide voluntarily. A complete list of SAP performance metrics can be found in the SAP Integrated Report and on the Reporting Framework page.
Announcement dates are listed on our Financial Calendar.
SAP is a European company, so our results are reported in euros.
Current cloud backlog is the contractually committed cloud revenue we expect to recognize over the upcoming 12 months as of a specific key date. It is thus a subcomponent of our overall remaining performance obligations following IFRS 15.120. The current cloud backlog takes into consideration committed deals only. It can be regarded a lower boundary for cloud revenue to be recognized over the next 12 months, as it excludes utilization-based models without pre-commitments and committed deals closed after the key date. It also excludes contracts ending within the next 12 months that have not yet been renewed. For our committed cloud business, we believe the current cloud backlog’s expansion over a period is a valuable indicator of go-to market success, as it reflects both new contracts closed as well as renewal of existing contracts.
Share of more predictable revenue is the total of non-IFRS cloud revenue and non-IFRS software support revenue as a percentage of total revenue
We use Cloud ERP Suite revenue expressed in both actual currencies and constant currencies as a metric to measure the growth of our portfolio of strategic cloud solutions.
Cloud ERP Suite references those offerings that are tightly integrated with our core ERP solutions and are included in key commercial packages, such as RISE with SAP. The following offerings currently contribute to Cloud ERP Suite revenue: SAP S/4HANA Cloud, SAP Business Technology Platform, and core solutions for HR and payroll, spend management, commerce, customer data solutions, business
process transformation, and working capital management.
Cloud revenue comprises the main revenues of our cloud business. Revenue from cloud is derived from fees earned from providing customers with software as a service (SaaS),
platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS). We measure cloud revenue at actual and constant currencies.
For explanations on other key growth metrics please refer to the SAP Integrated Report.
SAP reports its financial results in accordance with IFRS and additionally discloses certain financial results on a non-IFRS basis. Certain non-IFRS measures (for example non-IFRS revenue, non-IFRS operating profit and non-IFRS operating margin) are provided both, on a nominal currency basis (as reported basis) and on a constant currency basis.
A comprehensive explanation of the non-IFRS measures can be found on the Reporting Framework page
We believe it is important for investors to have information that provides insight into our sales. Revenue measures determined under IFRS provide information that is useful in this regard. However, both sales volume and currency effects impact period-over-period changes in sales revenue. We do not sell standardized units of products and services, so we cannot provide relevant information on sales volume by providing data on the changes in product and service units sold. To provide additional information that may be useful to investors in breaking down and evaluating changes in sales volume, we present information about our revenue and various values and components relating to operating profit that are adjusted for foreign currency effects. We calculate constant currency revenue and operating profit measures by translating foreign currencies using the average exchange rates from the previous year instead of the current year.
It is a two-step process to get from our IFRS numbers to our constant currency non-IFRS numbers:
Step 1: We eliminate certain effects from our IFRS numbers. More details about these effects and how they are calculated and evaluated can be found on the Reporting Framework page. The resulting figures are our non-IFRS numbers.
Step 2: We then adjust those non-IFRS numbers by eliminating currency effects. The result is our non-IFRS constant currency financial measures.The elimination of currency effects is achieved by translating foreign currencies using the average exchange rates from the previous year’s period (i.e. quarter) instead of the current year. Information on the current and expected currency effects can be found in the latest Quarterly Statement.
SAP provides a yearly revenue and profit outlook, which is based on non-IFRS at constant currencies. We provide guidance on a non-IFRS constant currency basis because these numbers are used as a basis for SAP’s internal management reporting as well. In addition, we provide guidance at constant currencies since we cannot influence currency movements, and it helps prevent frequent changes in guidance due to fluctuations in currency.
Stock and ADR
SAP was first publicly traded on November 4, 1988, on the German Stock Exchange. The first quote was 753.06 DM (385.03 €). The SAP American Depositary Receipt (ADR) has been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since August 3, 1998.
SAP shares are listed as SAP ordinary shares through the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, the electronic system XETRA, and other German regional stock exchange centers, under the ticker symbol "SAP."
In the United States, shares are listed on the New York Stock Exchange in the form of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs). An ADR is a receipt representing ordinary or common shares of a non-U.S. company. ADRs are priced in dollars and traded on U.S. exchanges, allowing investors to buy and sell shares of non-U.S. companies in exactly the same way as they purchase or sell shares of U.S. companies. SAP ADRs, with the ticker symbol "SAP," are dollar-denominated securities backed by the shares trading in Germany. The ratio between the ADR and the underlying ordinary shares is 1:1, meaning that one SAP ADR is the equivalent of one SAP ordinary share.
SAP shares are available for purchase as SAP ordinary shares through the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, the electronic system XETRA, and other German regional stock exchange centers. Individual investors who aren't from the United States can purchase SAP ordinary shares through their custodian banks, a stockbroker, or generally any institution that offers such brokerage services.
U.S. investors can purchase SAP ADRs through a broker as they would any ordinary security. They can also buy SAP ADRs through the DB-Direct Investor Services Program, which offers investors a variety of convenient, low-cost services to make it easier to invest in ADRs. DB-Direct is administered by Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas and allows new and existing holders to make ADR purchases, sell ADRs, and reinvest dividends. Visit www.adr.db.com and click on the "DB-Direct" icon for more information about the program.
Or, contact:
Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas
SAP ADR Processing Unit
c/o American Stock Transfer & Trust Company,
P.O. Box 2050,
Peck Slip Station,
New York,
NY 10272-2050
Telephone: +1-877-484-5046 or +1-718-921-8137 www.amstock.comdb@amstock.com
Holders of SAP shares should contact SAP investor relations.
Holders of SAP ADRs with questions about stock transfer or dividend payments should contact the Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas. Call +1-877-484-5046 or visit www.adr.db.com.
SAP shares have been listed in the DAX since September 18, 1995. They are also listed in the Prime All Share-Index, CDAX, HDAX, Stoxx50, and EuroStoxx50. The weightings of SAP stock in the major indices can be found on the SAP Stock Basic Data page.
SAP ordinary shares are no-par shares by resolution of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders of June 16, 1998.
SAP pays a dividend once a year. The SAP Executive and Supervisory Boards jointly recommend the dividend amount. It is based on the SAP SE financial statements. The amount of dividend requires the shareholders’ approval and is officially decided upon at the SAP Annual General Meeting of Shareholders.
Relevant dates for dividend payment
Record Date
SAP calculates the record date according to German rules and customs, and not according to U.S. rules and customs.
When we speak of “record date,” we mean the record date in the meaning of section 123 (4) of the German Stock Corporation Act (Act). Under German law, the record date has no bearing on your entitlement to dividends, only on your right to participate and vote in the annual general meeting of shareholders. Pursuant to section 123 (4) of the Act, the record date is the 21st day before the annual general meeting.
“Record date” in the U.S. sense relates to the dividend entitlement, and means the date set by the board of directors on which a person must be listed as a shareholder in the company's share register in order to be able to receive the dividend payment.
By contrast, under German law your entitlement to dividends depends on your shareholding on the day of the annual general meeting.
Ex-Dividend Date
Similarly, SAP calculates the ex-dividend date in line with German and not U.S. rules and customs.
In German trading practice, the ex-dividend date is the first trading day after the annual general meeting. On this day, the stock starts trading at a share price less the declared dividend value. If you purchase the stock on the ex-dividend date, the seller (and not you) will be entitled to receive the expected dividend payment. Shares that are purchased (shortly) before the annual general meeting are settled at the regular stock price “cum dividend” regardless of the settlement date.
Dividend Payment
The dividend must be paid out on the third business day following the annual general meeting.
Paying agent
The paying agent for the SAP dividend is DZ Bank AG.
For information about SAP's dividend policy and payout history, visit the Dividends page.
Current dates for the dividends can be found in the financial calendar.
One SAP ADR represents one SAP share. The final dividend is dependent upon the Euro/US-Dollar exchange rate. SAP pays cash dividends on the ordinary shares in Euro, so exchange rate fluctuations will affect the US-Dollar amounts received by holders of ADRs, depending on the foreign exchange rate at the time of the conversion of the dividend cash from Euro to US-Dollar. The final dividend payment by SAP to the depositary bank is usually scheduled for the day after the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders. The depositary bank will then convert the dividend payment from Euro into US-Dollar as promptly as practicable.
ADR investors can invest all or a portion of the cash dividends paid on SAP ADRs through our Dividend Reinvestment Program, operated in cooperation with the Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas. Visit www.adr.db.com and click on the "DB-Direct" icon for more information about this program.
The number of shares outstanding is 1,228,504,232. Further information can be found on the SAP Stock Basic Data page.
SAP carried out several share buy back programs since 2017. The bought shares are primarily used to feed stock-based compensation programs for SAP employees. You can find more details on running and executed programs on the Share Buy Back page.
Our shareholder structure is very stable since years. A current view on the shareholder composition can be found on the SAP Stock Basic Data page.
As the market capitalization is a continuously moving figure, it's best to look it up on the SAP Stock page.
The first trading day of SAP preference shares was August 6, 1990. By resolution of the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders on May 3, 2001, and entry into the German commercial register on June 18, 2001, all preference shares were transformed into ordinary shares. For more information, access the press release "SAP to Simplify Share Structure".
1990: Capital increase from corporate funds 1:1,25
1994: Capital increase from corporate funds 1:5
1995: Stock split 1:10
2000: Stock split 1:3
2006: Capital increase from corporate funds 1:4
Shareholders who still hold Ariba shares or have any other question regarding their Ariba shares should call Computershare in the US at +1 201-680-3708.
Shareholders who still hold SuccessFactors shares or have any other question regarding their SuccessFactors shares should call Georgeson at US +1 877 507 1756
For holders of Sybase shares, please call American Stock Transfer (AST) at +1 800 937 5449
Fixed Income
A credit rating is a qualified assessment and formal evaluation of a company's creditworthiness, ability and willingness of repaying outstanding debt obligations on time.
SAP has a long-term issuer credit rating of „A1“ by Moody’s (outlook stable) and „A+“ by Standard & Poor’s (outlook stable).
While SAP had continuously realized successful financing transactions at attractive terms before obtaining an external credit rating in September 2014, a rating now provides SAP with the opportunity to broaden its investor access, to issue further capital market instruments and to optimally benefit from its high creditworthiness. Furthermore, it provides investors, customers and suppliers with an independent view of SAP’s strength and stability as a business partner.
We currently have a syndicated revolving credit facility in the amount of €3 billion and current maturity in November 2028 in place. The facility includes 20 banks and strengthens our financial flexibility. It can be used for general corporate purposes and supplements our existing bilateral credit facilities. The credit facility has not been drawn so far and currently we do not intend to do so.
Sustainability
SAP’s purpose is to help the world run better and improve people's lives with sustainability at the core. Our objective is to create a positive economic, environmental, and social impact worldwide within planetary boundaries. We bring this to life by providing products and services that meet the sustainability challenges and opportunities of our customers (enabler) and leading by example in our own sustainable business operations and practices (exemplar). Learn about our approach to sustainability.
SAP has been on its sustainability journey for more than a decade and is a recognized leader as a sustainably run company. This has given us the insights and experience to respond to the increasing demands from customers, partners, investors, and employees for SAP to not only run our company more sustainably, but also to use our position to enable customers to run more sustainably, too. There is an urgency to this as many reports indicate that climate change, waste, and social inequalities are becoming increasingly acute problems around the world. We believe sustainability is the new frontier of digital transformation. We want to help customers reinvent themselves as intelligent and sustainable enterprises. We want to help them make sustainability profitable and profitability sustainable. We believe this is a long-term strategic imperative that will help SAP grow while helping our customers achieve their overall corporate ambitions which increasingly center around running sustainably.
SAP Cloud for Sustainable Enterprises is a flexible solution bundle of sustainability-focused applications to help companies achieve holistic sustainability management. Companies can now integrate sustainability metrics seamlessly into their end-to-end business processes. We realize each company is at a different stage of implementing sustainable performance, so SAP Cloud for Sustainable Enterprises provides maximum flexibility for customers to choose which solutions and capabilities they want to incorporate into their sustainability management portfolio at the time that is right for them. The solutions can be broadly adopted for holistic management, or selectively implemented to operationalize specific areas of sustainability performance. The customizable suite is easy for companies to adopt with a single license, and SAP expert implementation support and our highly skilled partner ecosystem.
SAP’s products and services help deliver environmental and social impact on four dimensions including climate action, circular economy, social responsibility, and holistic steering and reporting.
Holistic sustainability management: SAP’s sustainability and ESG reporting solutions contribute to a future where decisions in our global economy are made based on their sustainability impact. Example: SAP Sustainability Control Tower helps organizations connect their environmental, social, and financial data holistically so they can steer their business towards sustainability.
Climate action: SAP’s climate change solutions contribute to a future with zero emissions. Example: SAP Product Footprint Management enables organizations to assess and reduce greenhouse gas emissions of their products and operations along their entire value chain.
Circular economy: SAP’s circular economy solutions contribute to a future with zero waste. Example: SAP Responsible Design and Production enables organizations to make circularity a key principle of product design and production. It helps them re-use materials, protect resources, eliminate waste, and build regenerative businesses.
Social responsibility: SAP’s social responsibility solutions contribute to a future with zero inequality. Example: SAP Business Network and our SuccessFactors Human Experience Management (HXM) Suite provide the visibility needed to support organizations in integrating ethical and socially responsible sustainable business practices to ensure diversity, equity, and inclusion across the entire value chain.
The most sustainable companies across industries run SAP
97% of the greenest companies in the world run SAP
90% of the most socially responsible companies in the world run SAP
SAP has the best ESG Score in the Software industry
The most sustainable companies run SAP with 73% higher ESG Scores and 24% lower CO2 emissions
The most sustainable companies run SAP S/4HANA with 50% higher ESG Scores
The data used comes largely from our internal Best Run Intelligence team which has licensed the S&P 500 ESG disclosure data set and has run analysis on the data. Many of the S&P 500 companies are SAP customers. Other data comes from commissioned research conducted by Oxford Economics.
(All data based on a 2021 data set.)
Yes, we are working with companies of all sizes, across geographies and industries, at various stages of maturity from pilots to full deployment. Hear the stories of our visionary customers using SAP Sustainability solutions.
Global market analysis of GHG emission efficiency (a measurement of GHG emissions as a percent of revenue) indicates the gap between average and top performers by industry is 14%. SAP customers are responsible for 87% of total global commerce, they are also responsible for 84% of total global GHG emissions. SAP can help customers reduce their emissions by up to 14%, or an equivalent of 5 billion tons annually.
SAP addresses sustainability, including climate action, as one of our key focus areas through a dual approach. As an enabler, we aim to provide products and services to our customers to reduce their carbon emissions and pave the way toward a low-carbon future together. As an exemplar, to live up to our responsibility and build climate resilience, we strive to lead by example by running our own business operations and practices more sustainably.
To get insights into how SAP addresses climate change with our three-fold approach “avoid-reduce-compensate,” please see the SAP Integrated Report. SAP’s environmental efforts and targets are also outlined in the Global Environmental Policy.
For an overview of how SAP embeds sustainability in our solution portfolio, please visit our Web site.
Since 2018, SAP reports in alignment with the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD) recommendations. The topic of climate change-related risks is addressed in the chapter "Energy and Emissions" of our Integrated Report.
More than a decade ago, SAP set out on its sustainability journey with the objective to create positive economic, environmental, and social impact within planetary boundaries. Along the way, we have continuously added and raised financial as well as pre-financial targets and established ourselves as a front-runner in integrating economic, social, and environmental performance into how we measure and steer our business success holistically.
In January 2022, we committed to achieve net zero across our value chain by 2030 – 20 years earlier than originally planned. This moves forward our commitment by 20 years.
On our pathway towards net zero, the next intermediate milestone is 2023, when SAP aims to be carbon neutral in its own operations – two years earlier than originally targeted. This includes all direct (Scope 1), indirect (Scope 2), and selected categories of value chain (Scope 3) carbon emissions, such as business flights, employee commuting, and external data centers (co-locations and hyperscalers). The potential for decarbonization can however be amplified considerably if we enhance our efforts along the entire value chain. In 2022, gross carbon emissions amounted to 10,688 kilotons (kt) along SAP’s entire value chain (including upstream and downstream emissions), compared to 441 kt gross emissions for SAP’s own operations (see Integrated Report 2023).
SAP is committed to protecting the environment and continuously improving our own environmental performance. Therefore, we are gradually introducing an EMS reflecting the ISO 14001 standard at SAP sites worldwide. We aim to increase the EMS scope to 100% of SAP’s major company-owned sites by 2025 (2022: 85%). In addition, an ISO 50001-certified energy management system is integrated with existing management systems at selected sites, such as SAP’s headquarters. View our ISO certificates on sap.com (go to “Energy and environmental management”).
SAP aspires to a world of zero waste and is eager to move to an interconnected, circular economy through ambitious enabler and exemplar activities. As an example, in July 2019, SAP launched the initiative Beyond Single-Use Plastics to phase out single-use plastics in our own operations, a project which concluded in June 2021. In 2020, at the World Economic Forum, SAP joined the Global Plastic Action Partnership to create a cleaner ocean by 2030 and became part of the Ellen MacArthur Foundation to pave the way to a circular economy.
We also manage our electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) responsibly by cooperating with international and local IT asset lifecycle partners that help us to refurbish, recycle, and sustainably dispose our discarded devices. Further details can be found on our Circular Economy Web site and our Integrated Report.
SAP also aims at helping its clients fighting against plastic pollution and becoming more circular. More about SAP solutions for Circular Economy can be found on sap.com.
Since 2012, we annually release an Integrated Report which combines our full-year financial, social, and environmental performance, allowing us to present a clear and holistic overview of what drives our company and our long-term success. The current SAP Integrated Report can be found at www.sapintegratedreport.com.
Connecting financial and non-financial ESG metrics is key to comprehensively analyzing all dimensions of a company’s performance and working toward their integration and harmonization. On this journey, digital technologies play a fundamental role in delivering embedded, validated, and real-time data. In addition to the perspective of connecting financial and non-financial ESG metrics, holistic steering and reporting integrates the dimensions of positive and negative impacts that businesses create along their complete value chain.
Building on our experience in connecting financial and non-financial measures, we co-founded the Value Balancing Alliance (VBA) in 2019 to support the development of a standardized impact measurement and valuation methodology that helps companies, investors, and other stakeholders understand, quantify and compare financial and non-financial performance. These insights enable companies to create business value beyond revenue or profit growth while taking into consideration the long-term impacts of business operations on the environment and society as a whole. Further details on SAP’s journey on holistic steering and reporting and the results of the third VBA methodology pilot phase can be found in our Integrated Report.
SAP uses the following three key measures: Customer Net Promoter Score (NPS), Employee Engagement Index, and carbon impact. Outlook and results for the current year can be found in the SAP Integrated Report.
In addition, SAP tracks further social and environmental indicators, such as women in management, employee retention, the Business Health Culture Index, energy consumption, and e-waste. Please review SAP’s Finance and ESG Data Hub where we display employee indicators and environmental metrics.
Since 2020, SAP’s executive short-term incentive (STI) compensation includes sustainability targets (sustainability KPIs) on top of our financial targets with a total weight of 20%. The sustainability KPIs are: Customer Net Promoter Score, which measures SAP’s customer loyalty; Employee Engagement Index, which measures SAP’s employee commitment, pride, and loyalty; and Carbon Impact, which measures SAP’s greenhouse gas emissions.
To select the topics to be included in our integrated reporting, we conducted a comprehensive materiality assessment in 2022, applying the requirements of the German Commercial Code as well as the newly introduced materiality definition of the Universal Standards of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI): “Material topics are topics that represent an organization’s most significant impacts on the economy, environment, and people, including impacts on their human rights.”
Have a look at our Integrated Report for further details about the key stages of the process we followed to assess the significance of each economic, social, and environmental impact.
Yes, the social and environmental data and information included in SAP’s Integrated Report was prepared in accordance with the GRI Standards. Please see our latest GRI Content Index for further details. Furthermore, we have committed to several additional multilateral standards to cover a wide scope of responsibilities, stakeholder needs, and sustainability aspects:
SAP is committed to the highest standards of ethical business. We have a robust compliance framework to support employees in acting ethically and compliantly and within the law in all the markets in which we operate. The framework includes clear Policies, Codes, and a Global network of experts, all underpinned by a Global Code of Ethics & Business Conduct (the Code) which includes, amongst other topics, loyalty, bribery and corruption, and confidentiality.
For more information, please see the chapter “Business Conduct” in the SAP Integrated Report and/or Ethics and Compliance at SAP on sap.com.
Yes, learn more about SAP’s Global Tax Principles here.
We have implemented safeguards to help protect the fundamental rights of everyone whose data is processed by SAP, whether they are our customers, prospects, employees, or partners. In addition, we work toward compliance with all relevant legal requirements for data protection. You can find more information in the chapter "Security, Data Protection and Privacy" of the SAP Integrated Report, on SAP Trust Center, in the SAP Privacy Statement.
As a signatory of the UN Global Compact since 2000, SAP believes companies have a responsibility to respect human rights throughout all business operations. SAP is committed to respecting and promoting human rights across our operations, extended supply chain, and product lifecycle. We set high standards of fairness, diversity, and inclusion for ourselves, and expect all of our business partners to respect human rights and avoid complicity in any abuse.
We take guidance from the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights as well as legal requirements like the German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act (Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz, LkSG), to operationalize our commitment.
Further key References:
Please see our Integrated Report for related disclosures.
SAP embraces the 17 UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and embedded the framework as a foundation to our strategic approach to sustainability. We use this framework to evaluate global progress – both for our roles as a role model and exemplar and as an enabler. Our contribution to the SDGs is a cross-company effort driven by experts from almost every board area and aligned through the internal SDG Network. Engagement with customers and other activities contributing to the SDGs are addressed in our Integrated Report, where we describe the potential positive and negative direct or indirect impacts of our company and of our products and services related to the SDGs.
About 43% of SAP’s institutional investors are classified as SRIs. Learn more in the SAP Integrated Report.
Yes, learn more about SAP's sustainability awards and recognitions here. You can also access SAP’s ESG performance directly via the web sites of rating agencies such as:
Sustainalytics: SAP scoring a low ESG risk rating
Refinitiv (search for SAP SE): SAP scores 95/100
CDP: SAP receives an A- in the climate change assessment 2022
Corporate Sustainability Assessment by S&P: SAP #1 as one of two companies in the software industry (see the 2023 Sustainability Yearbook)
Corporate Knights: SAP listed in the Global 100 ranking of the world’s most sustainable companies 2023